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原来学霸与学渣的真正差距在这!

2017-09-06 留学君 留学记

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集干货、留学、娱乐于一身的留学君

学霸与学渣的区别真的在智商吗?你知道还有更重要的事情吗??



对于学渣和学霸的区别,

很多人往往存在一些思维定势:


学霸的智商甩我们几条街...

学霸的智力将我们碾成渣渣...

学霸就是天生IQ指数爆表...


可是,真的是这样么?

学渣就是智商堪忧?学霸就是智商逆天?



今天,给大家分享一段精彩的TED演讲

The key to success? Grit 

告诉你学渣和学霸真正的差距究竟是什么。


https://v.qq.com/txp/iframe/player.html?vid=c05423ekapl&width=500&height=375&auto=0

(文末有英语原文节选)


演讲嘉宾安吉拉·李·杜克沃斯(Angela Lee Duckworth)是一位华裔研究心理学家,她在27岁时辞去了纽约一份前途无量的工作—企业管理咨询师,选择到一所公立学校教七年级学生数学。


在教学的过程中,她意识到:

IQ并不是将那些成功的学生和那些挣扎过但失败的学生区分开来的唯一标准

在演讲中,她解释了她自己的理论——成功的先兆是"Grit”!


Grit可译为“坚毅、毅力”,但其涵义远比毅力、勤勉、坚强都要丰富得多。


正如安吉拉·杜克沃斯(Angela Duckworth)在演讲中所说:

向着长期的目标,坚持自己的激情,即便历经失败,依然能够坚持不懈地努力下去,这种品质就叫做坚毅。


如果你见一个孩子“能很投入地一直做一件事很久”,这就是Grit。



如今,Grit已开启了性格教育时代,美国的很多学校都在修改和引进新的课程,更加注重性格教育。


这警示着我们▼

决定孩子成功的最重要因素,不在于我们给孩子灌输了多少知识,而在于我们是否帮助孩子获得了以Grit为首的七项重要的性格特质,

即Grit坚毅、Zest激情、Self-control自制力、Optimism乐观态度、Gratitude感恩精神、Social intelligence社交智力、Curiosity 好奇心。


一个六岁的孩子是否知道3+2=5根本不重要,重要的是在学习的过程中,TA是否愿意在第一遍回答成3+2=4之后重新尝试,直到得出正确答案为止。我们应教会孩子的不是跑得多快,而是在摔倒之后站起来继续跑,哪怕TA是最后一名。


我相信这才是教育应该教会所有人的东西。



关于学渣和学霸的真正差距,并非智力高低之别。而在面对挑战和冒险时,选择迎难而上,从一而终的人往往更能获得成功。


所有的成功并非不可一世,高高在上,

而只不过是平凡的努力和坚持!

不忘初心,方得终始


The key to success? Grit

成功的钥匙?毅力

by Angela Lee Duckworth

节选

We partnered with private companies, asking, which of these salespeople is going to keep their jobs? And who's going to earn the most money? In all those very different contexts, one characteristic emerged as a significant predictor of success. And it wasn't social intelligence. It wasn't good looks, physical health, and it wasn't I.Q. It was grit.
我们和私人公司合作, 预测哪些销售人员能保住工作?谁能赚最多钱? 
在这些非常不同的背景下, 我们发现有一个特质能够很好地预测成功。它不是社交能力,不是美丽的外貌,不是健康的身体,也不是智商,而是意志力。


Grit is passion and perseverance for very long-term goals. Grit is having stamina. Grit is sticking with your future, day in, day out, not just for the week, not just for the month, but for years, and working really hard to make that future a reality. Grit is living life like it's a marathon, not a sprint.
意志力是面对长远目标时的热情和毅力 意志力是有耐力的表现。意志力是日复一日依然对未来坚信不已,不只是这周、不只是这个月,而是年复一年,用心努力工作来实现所坚信的那个未来。意志力是将生活看作是一场马拉松,不是短跑。


A few years ago, I started studying grit in the Chicago public schools. I asked thousands of high school juniors to take grit questionnaires, and then waited around more than a year to see who would graduate. Turns out that grittier kids were significantly more likely to graduate, even when I matched them on every characteristic I could measure, things like family income, standardized achievement test scores, even how safe kids felt when they were at school.
几年前,我在芝加哥公立学校开始研究意志力。 我请数以千计的高中生填写关于意志力的问卷,然后等了大约一年多看看谁会毕业。结果发现,意志力越坚定的孩子毕业的可能性明显越高,其他所有可能的影响因素都被考虑并排除了,比如家庭收入,标准化测验的分数, 甚至孩子们在学校时的安全感。


So it's not just at West Point or the National Spelling Bee that grit matters. It's also in school, especially for kids at risk for dropping out. To me, the most shocking thing about grit is how little we know, how little science knows, about building it.Every day, parents and teachers ask me, "How do I build grit in kids? What do I do to teach kids a solid work ethic? How do I keep them motivated for the long run?" The honest answer is, I don't know.
所以意志力并不只是在西点军校或全国拼字比赛中非常重要。在学校,尤其是对有辍学危险的孩子来说,意志力同样重要。关于意志力,最令我吃惊的事情是我们以及科学界对于如何锻炼意志力知之甚少。每天,家长和老师都会问我, "如何锻炼孩子们的意志力? 我怎么教会孩子坚实的职业道德? 怎样才能让他们有长远的动力?” 最诚实的回答是,我不知道。


What I do know is that talent doesn't make you gritty. Our data show very clearly that there are many talented individuals who simply do not follow through on their commitments. In fact, in our data, grit is usually unrelated or even inversely related to measures of talent.

我所知道的是,有才华不意味着就有意志力。我们的资料非常清楚地揭示有很多才华横溢的人并不能坚持到底,实现承诺。事实上,我们的研究发现,意志力通常与才华无关, 有时甚至成反比。


So far, the best idea I've heard about building grit in kids is something called "growth mindset." This is an idea developed at Stanford University by Carol Dweck, and it is the belief that the ability to learn is not fixed, that it can change with your effort. Dr. Dweck has shown that when kids read and learn about the brain and how it changes and grows in response to challenge, they're much more likely to persevere when they fail, because they don't believe that failure is a permanent condition.
关于锻炼孩子们的意志,到目前为止,我听过的最好的方法叫做“成长型思维模式”理论。这是史丹福大学的Carol Dweck 的研究成果。这个理论相信学习的能力不是一成不变的, 它会由于你的努力发生变化Dweck博士已证明,当孩子们阅读和学习大脑的相关知识以及大脑在面对挑战时会怎样变化和成长时,他们更有可能在失败时继续坚持, 因为他们不相信他们永远会失败。


So growth mindset is a great idea for building grit. But we need more. And that's where I'm going to end my remarks, because that's where we are. That's the work that stands before us. We need to take our best ideas, our strongest intuitions, and we need to test them. We need to measure whether we've been successful, and we have to be willing to fail, to be wrong, to start over again with lessons learned.

所以,成长型思维模式是一种锻炼意志力的好方法。但我们还需要更多这样的理念。而今天我的演讲就到此为止, 因为这就是我们当下的认知。这就是摆在我们面前的任务。我们需要拿出我们最好的想法、最强的直觉对他们进行检验。我们需要衡量我们是否取得了成功,我们必须愿意失败、愿意犯错、愿意吸取教训并从头开始。


In other words, we need to be gritty about getting our kids grittier.
换句话说,在加强我们孩子意志力这件事上, 我们自己也要有不懈的意志。



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